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Homo sapiens: A Rich and Complex Cuisine - What They Ate

Published March 5, 2026, 17:11
Homo sapiens: A Rich and Complex Cuisine - What They Ate

A new study published in PLOS One reveals that early Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnons) and Neanderthals had complex diets. The research, led by the University of York, was based on the analysis of organic residues in clay vessels and showed the consumption of a wide variety of plants (wild greens, legumes, fruits, roots) and aquatic foods (fish, seafood). The exact combinations of foods varied by region, reflecting local resources and cultural practices. The study highlights the important role of plants and aquatic foods in the diet of these prehistoric populations, challenging the traditional view of a primarily carnivorous diet. Furthermore, it reinforces the idea that early humans used ceramics to prepare their food and that each community had its own gastronomic traditions. Researchers used a combination of microscopic examination and chemical analysis to identify plant residues, providing a detailed picture of the diet of ancient humans. This methodology proved particularly effective in detecting plant foods, which are often not well preserved in archaeological finds. The findings of the study contribute to a better understanding of the dietary adaptation and cultural evolution of early humans in Europe. They demonstrate that their diet was more varied and complex than previously thought, and that ceramic technology played a crucial role in the preparation and consumption of their food.