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JRC Study Suggests Antivirals as Alternative to Flu Vaccination

Published January 5, 2026, 18:10
JRC Study Suggests Antivirals as Alternative to Flu Vaccination

A new study by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) suggests that antiviral drugs can be an effective alternative or complementary approach to vaccination for mitigating the spread of influenza. The study highlights that prophylactic antiviral administration is more effective than therapeutic use, except in cases of resistant strains with high transmission rates. Using combinations of antiviral drugs in treatment may reduce the emergence of resistant strains. Despite the importance of vaccination in reducing the overall disease burden and preventing epidemics, vaccination coverage in the EU/EEA remains low, reaching only 47% for those aged 65 and over during the 2024/2025 period. The World Health Organization estimates that 290,000 to 650,000 people die globally each year from influenza, underscoring the need for effective prevention and control strategies. The study points out that the first generation of antivirals has lost its effectiveness due to the development of resistance by the influenza virus. Therefore, it is important to understand the implications of using newer antiviral therapies. Epidemiological models can help assess the likelihood of drug resistance developing under different scenarios. Furthermore, the increasing threat of avian influenza makes it essential to thoroughly examine the benefits and limitations of antivirals and identify optimal intervention strategies. Early antiviral administration, before the onset of illness, can prevent more infections, but this is only true when resistant and highly transmissible strains are not circulating.